Short answer
Monitor symptoms and key hormones (FSH, estradiol), keep a cycle diary, consult a gynecologist-endocrinologist to correct the condition.
The transition period before menopause, when the body gradually reduces the production of sex hormones
The mechanism in three steps, and where you can intervene.
Trigger
Age-related decrease in ovarian follicular reserve
Mechanism
Imbalance of estrogen and progesterone → disruption of hypothalamic-pituitary feedback
Symptom
Irregular cycles, hot flashes, mood swings, dry mucous membranes
Answer 3 questions to see likely causes and a baseline lab list.
How long has this been going on?
Is there marked fatigue?
Is stress high?
Likely causes
What to check
We will show a preliminary result before registration
Create an action plan in one click with a checklist, reminders, and a timeline.
Monitor symptoms and key hormones (FSH, estradiol), keep a cycle diary, consult a gynecologist-endocrinologist to correct the condition.
A baseline panel for the most common causes.
Shows the activity of the pituitary gland in response to decreased estrogen
Reflects basal estrogen levels, which fluctuate during perimenopause
Marker of ovarian reserve
Rules out hypothyroidism, which can mimic symptoms
Controlling the risk of cardiovascular changes due to hormonal fluctuations
How each marker relates to perimenopause.
Perimenopause is a natural stage of aging of the reproductive system. After 35-40 years, the number of follicles in the ovaries decreases, which leads to irregular ovulation. Fluctuations in estrogen and progesterone become chaotic, causing characteristic symptoms. In 20% of women, this period begins after 40 years, in 5% - before 35 (premature ovarian failure).
The key marker is FSH on days 2-3 of the cycle: a level >25 IU/l indicates perimenopause. Estradiol can be either increased or decreased. AMH below 1 ng/ml confirms a decrease in ovarian reserve. Additionally, TSH is checked (the norm is 0.4-4.0 mU/l), since hypothyroidism aggravates the symptoms. A lipid profile is important for assessing cardiac risks: LDL often increases when estrogen levels drop.
Consultation with a gynecologist-endocrinologist is necessary for cycles shorter than 21 or longer than 35 days, heavy bleeding or absence of menstruation for >60 days. Warning signs: night sweats more than 3 times a week, depressive episodes, pain during sexual intercourse due to dryness. If symptoms interfere with quality of life, your doctor may suggest menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) after ruling out contraindications.
1) Ignoring cycle changes as “age-related norms” without checking hormones. 2) Self-administration of phytoestrogens without laboratory monitoring. 3) Stopping contraception during irregular cycles - the risk of unwanted pregnancy remains up to 12 months after the last menstruation. 4) Refusal of densitometry - bone loss begins already in perimenopause.
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Основано на структурированном медицинском подходе, не на хаотичных советах из интернета.
Не заменяет очную консультацию и постановку диагноза врачом.
Срочные симптомы требуют немедленного обращения за медицинской помощью.
If there is a delay, always do a hCG test - the symptoms (fatigue, mood swings) may be similar. In perimenopause, hCG is <5 mIU/ml and FSH is usually elevated.
Yes, as long as there is ovulation (even irregular ones). It is recommended to continue contraception until 12 months after the last menstrual period (menopause).
Proven: cognitive behavioral therapy for hot flashes, vaginal moisturizers with hyaluronic acid, dosed exercise for weight control. Vitamin D and calcium - to prevent osteoporosis.
On average 4 years, but in 10% of women it is up to 10 years. The duration depends on genetics, body mass index, smoking and other factors.
Hormone levels fluctuate widely: a single normal FSH does not rule out perimenopause. Axioris makes it convenient to compare indicators in charts and notice trends in time.
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